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GATE DA 2025 Q59: |f(x) − f(y)| ≤ (x − y)²: find f(1) − f(0)

Question

Let f:R→Rf : \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R} be such that ∣f(x)−f(y)∣≤(x−y)2\lvert f(x) - f(y) \rvert \le (x - y)^2 for all x,y∈Rx, y \in \mathbb{R}. Then f(1)−f(0)=f(1) - f(0) = ____ (Answer in integer)

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Numerical answer. No negative marking.
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Answer: 0 (official GATE 2025 final answer key)

Concept used: A bound of order (x−y)2(x - y)^2 forces the derivative to be zero everywhere.

First step: Divide by ∣x−y∣\lvert x - y \rvert: ∣f(x)−f(y)x−y∣≤∣x−y∣\left\lvert \dfrac{f(x) - f(y)}{x - y} \right\rvert \le \lvert x - y \rvert. Let y→xy \to x to see what f′(x)f'(x) must be.

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Source: official GATE 2025 DA question paper and final answer key, organised by IIT Roorkee. Question paper · Answer key